- aerophone
- Any musical instrument which produces sound primarily by causing a body of air to vibrate, without the use of strings or membranes, and without the vibration of the instrument itself adding considerably to the sound.
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- angle harp
- A type of harp where the neck runs at an angle over the resonator.
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- arched harp
- A type of harp where the string carrier and resonator are physically united, with strings at right angles to the sound table, no pillar and a neck that curves away from the resonator.
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- barrel drum
- A drum (membranophone) with a shape that bulges in the middle, forming a barrel-like appearance, usually very large and made of wood with a one-headed and open-bottomed body.
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- end-blown flute
- A type of flute characterized by the player's breath being directed onto the sharp edge of the upper end of a tube.
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- frame harp
- A type of harp with a front pillar, forming a triangular frame.
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- idiochord
- Any chordophone whose string-like material is made from the same substance (e.g. bamboo) as the resonating body.
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- pellet drum
- A drum (membranophone) that has two heads and produces sound through two pellets, tied to the body of the drum and manipulated so as to strike the heads.
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- thumb piano
- Any type of lamellophone having a small sound box fitted with a row of tuned tabs that are plucked with the thumbs.
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- woodwind instrument
- A musical instrument in which sound is produced by blowing against an edge or by vibrating a thin piece of wood or metal known as the reed, and in which the pitch is governed by the resonant frequencies of an enclosed air column.
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These terms refer most specifically to a single type of instrument, or perhaps a family of related instruments, but are also used in reference to entirely unrelated instruments of the same musicological category. For example, any stringed instrument without a neck, and with strings that pass over the body, are liable to be called zithers, zither-like or part of the zither family, though the word zither more specifically refers to a precise instrument of Central European origin.
- flute[3]
- A reedless aerophone that produces sound by blowing air across one or more openings, producing a vibration in the air at the opening(s).
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- guitar[4]
- A chordophone with a flat back and a neck whose upper surface is in the same plane as the soundboard, with strings along the neck and parallel to the soundboard.
- Note: A guitar is a member of the lute family, distinguished from other lutes by having a flat back.
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- harp[5]
- Any chordophone consisting of a body and a curved neck, strung with strings of varying length, that are vertical to the soundboard when viewed from the end of the body.
- Note If a harp's strings were moved from perpendicular to parallel relative to the soundboard and to attach to a common point off the soundbar, it would be a lyre-type instrument.
- Note: Unmodified, the word harpas a category most often refers to any frame harp -- meaning a harp with a front pillar -- because that is the common harp of Western origin. Outside of the West, angle harps and arch harps are more common.
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- lute[6]
- Any of a wide variety of chordophones with a pear-shaped body and a neck whose upper surface is in the same plane as the soundboard, with strings along the neck and parallel to the soundboard.
- Note: If an instrument of the lute class were to gain a yoke, it would become a lyre.
- Note: If an instrument of the lute class were to become flat-backed rather than round and pear-shaped, it would be an instrument of the guitar class.
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- lyre[7] [8]
- Any chordophone with two arms extending from a body to a crossbar (a yoke), and strings, parallel to the soundboard, connecting the body to the yoke.
- Synonyms: yoke lute
- Note: If a lyre's strings -- which are parallel to the soundboard and emanate directly up from it -- were turned to perpendicular, such that they appeared vertical when looking from the end of the instrument, and attached to a common point off the soundboard, it would be an example of a harp-type instrument.
- Note: The lyre is often said to be a type of zither. The distinguishing characteristic of lyre-type instruments is that the strings originate in a particular point on the soundboard, rather than from points spread out over much of the soundboard (as in a standard zither).
- Note Instruments like the guitar and the violin are considered lutes, rather than lyres, due to the lack of a yoke.
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- mbira[9]
- Any type of lamellophone having a small sound box fitted with a row of tuned tabs that are plucked with the thumbs.
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- pan flute
- Any aerophone consisting of multiple pipes of increasing size, tuned to produce sound when blown across the opening.
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- zither[13]
- A chordophone without a neck, and with strings that pass over the body.
- Note: The lyre is often said to be a type of zither. The distinguishing characteristic of lyre-type instruments is that the strings originate in a particular point on the soundboard, rather than from points spread out over much of the soundboard (as in a standard zither).
- Note: The word psaltery is sometimes synonymous with zither in reference to instruments of this family.
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- bell
- A vessel (a type of percussion idiophone) that is struck to cause vibrations which are weakest nearer the vertex, creating its distinctive sound.
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- fue
- Any of several kinds of Japanese flute.
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- huqin
- Any of a family of vertical bowed lutes used in Chinese music.
- Types: sihu, zhonghu, gaohu, dihu, gehu, diyingehu, erhu, erquanqin, banhu, nanhu, yuehu, jinghu, jing erhu, yehu, erxian, tiqin, tirhu, daguangxian, datong, datongxian, kezaixian, hexian, huluhu, maguhu, tuhu, jiaohu, zhuihu, zhuiqin, leiqin, sanhu, dahu, cizhonghu, laruan, dalaruan, paqin, dapaqin, dixianqin, xiqin, niutuiqin, niubatui, metouqin, aijieke, sataer
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Accessories, components, techniques and terminology
szerkesztés
